Alphabetical Listing for C

• Calas G (1972) On the blue colour of natural banded fluorites. Mineral Mag 38:977-979
• Calas G (1972) Étude de la coloration bleue de quelques fluorites naturelles. Bull Soc fr Minéral Cristallogr 95:470-474
• Calas G, Cottrant JF (1982) Cristallochime du fer dans les cassitérites bretonnes. Bull Minéral 105:598-605
• Calas G, Manceau A, Novikoff A, Boukili H (1984) Comportement du chrome dans les minéraux d'altération du gisement de Campo Formoso (Bahia, Brásil). Bull Minéral 107:755-766
• Calas G, Galoisy L, Kiratisin A (2005) The origin of the green color of variscite. American Mineralogist 90, 984–-990 
  
• Calderon T, Aguilar M, Coy-yll R (1983) Relationship between blue color and radiation damage in calcite. Radiation Eff Lett Sect 76:187-191
• Calderon T, Millan A, Jaque F, Sole JG (1990) Optical properties of Sm2+ and Eu2+ in natural fluorite crystals. Nucl. Tracks Radiat. Meas. 17, 557-561.
  
• Calderon T, Khanlary MR, Rendell HM, Townsend PD (1992) Luminescence from natural fluorite crystals.Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements 20, 475-85.
  
• Calhoun LHH, Kerr PF (1960) Blue Halite. Science 132, 1886-1887.
  
• Cámara F, Bosi F, Skogby H, Hålenius U, Celata B, Ciriotti ME (2022) Schorl-1A from Langesundsfjord (Norway). Journal of Geosciences 67, 129-139. DOI: http://doi.org/10.3190/jgeosci.344
  
• Camargo MB, Isotani S (1988) Optical absorption spectroscopy of natural and irradiated pink tourmaline. American Mineralogist 73, 172–180.
  
• Cano NF, Watanabe S (2011) Ab initio study of the electronic and optical properties of sillimanite (Al2SiO5) crystal. Optical Materials 33, 1813–1816.
  
• Cano NF, dos Santos LHE, Chubaci JFD, Watanabe S (2015) Study of luminescence, color and paramagnetic centers properties of albite. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy 137, 471-476.
  
• Cantelar E, Lifante G, Calderón T, Meléndrez R, Millán A, Albarlez MA, Barboza-Flores M (2001) Optical characterisation of rare earths in natural fluorapatite. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 323–324, 851–854.
  
• Carlson WD, Rossman GR (1988) Vanadium- and chromium-bearing andalusite: Occurrence and optical-absorption spectroscopy. Amer Mineral 73:1366-1369
• Carneiro GA, Fuchs Y, Rossano S, Horn HA, Linares J (2009) Study of the causes of color in four selected crystals of tourmaline from the pegmatite of Matinha in Divino das Laranjeiras, MG. Estudos Geológicos 19, 83-88.
  
• Carstens H (1973) The red-green change in chromium-bearing garnets. Contr Mineral and Petrol 41:273-276 
  
• Cartier LE (2009) Ruby and sapphire from Marosely, Madagascar. The Journal of Gemmology 31, 171-179.
  
• Castaneda C, Eeckhout SG, da Costa GM, Botelho NF, de Grave E (2006) Effect of heat treatment on tourmaline from Brazil. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 33, 207-216.
• Cathelineau T (2019) Purple hydroxylherderite from Brazil. The Journal of Gemmology 36, 501-503.
• Catheliueau T (2020) Celestine from Madagascar. The Journal of Gemmology 37, 344-345
• Cathelineau T (2020) Six-rayed star enstatite from Madagascar. The Journal of Gemmology 36, 688-690.
  
• Cathelineau T (2022) Crocoite from Tasmania, Australia. Journal of Gemmology 38, 9-11.
  
• Cavalli E, Bettinelli M (1993) Optical spectroscopy of Cr3+ ions in orthoenstatite MgSiO3. Optical Materials 2, 151-156.
  
• Cech F, Misar Z, Povondra P (1971) Green lead-containing orthoclase. Tschermaks Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen 15, 213-231.
  
• Cervelle B, Cesbron F, Drin N (1989) Détermination, par microréflectométric diffuse, de la concentration en Co2+ tétradrique dans les sphalérites. European J Mineral 1:127-134
• Cemic L, Grammenopoulou-Bilal S, Langer K (1986) A microscope-spectrometric method for determining small Fe3+ concentrations due to Fe3+-bearing defects in fayalite. Ber Bunsenges Phys Chem 90:654-661
• Cerin D, Götze J, Pan Y (2017) Radiation-induced damage in quartz at the Arrow uranium deposit, southwestern Athabasca Basin, Saskatchewan. Canadian Mineralogist55, 457–472.
  
• Čermáková Z, Hradil D, Bezdička1 P, Hradilová J (2017) New data on “kerolite–pimelite” series and the colouring agent of Szklary chrysoprase, Poland. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 44, 93–202.
  
• Cervelle B, Cesbron F, Drin N (1989) Determination, par microréflectométrie diffuse, de la concentration en Co2+ tétraédrique dans les sphalérites. European Journal of Mineralogy 1, 127-134.
  
• Chadwick KM (2008) Chromium-rich clinochlore (kämmererite) from Turkey. Gems & Gemology 44, 168-169.
• Chadwick KM, Shen AH (2008) Green mica (paragonite) from Pakistan. Gems & Gemology 44, 172-173.
• Chadwick KM, Breeding CM (2008) Color variations and properties of johachidolite from Myanmar. Gems & Gemology 44, 246-251
• Chang IF (1974) Synthesis of photochromic and cathodochromic sodalite. Journal of the Electrocheical Society 121, 815-820.
  
• Chesnokov BV (1961) Spectral absorption curves of glaucophane from eclogite of the southern Urals. Zapiski Vsesoyuznogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva 90:700-703
• Chandrasekhar AV, Venkataramanaiah M, Reddy BJ (1996) Mn²⁺ and Fe³⁺ impurities in ardennite by spectroscopic investigations. Indian Journal of Pure and Applied Physics 34, 193-196.
• Chandrasekhar AV, Venkataramanaiah M, Ravikumar RVSSN, Reddy BJ, Reddy YP (1997) Electronic spectra of pseudomalachite and olivenite. Indian Journal of Pure and Applied Physics 35:71-72
• Chandrasekhar AV, Ravikumar RVSSN, Reddy BJ, Reddy YP, Rao PS (1999) Spectroscopic Investigations of Mn2+ in wavellite. Asian Chemistry Letters (India) 3:30-35
• Chandrasekhar AV, Ravikumar RVSSN, Reddy BJ, Reddy YP, Sambasiva Rao P (2000) Spectroscopic studies on Cr-tremolite. Asian Journal of Physics (India) 9:405-409
• Chandrasekhar AV, Ramanaiah MV, Reddy BJ, Reddy YP, Rao PS, Ravikumar RVSSN (2003) Optical and EPR studies of iron bearing phosphate minerals: satterlyite and gormanite from Yukon Territory, Canada. Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy 59, 2115-2121.
  
• Chang IF (1974) Synthesis of photochromic and cathodochromic sodalite. Journal of the Electrocheical Society 121, 815-820.
  
• Chankhantha C, Thanasuthipitak P, Kidkhunthod P (2016) Iron K-Edge Xanes Study of Heated Green Beryl from Madagascar. Walailak Journal of Science & Technology 13, 977-983.
  
• Chankhantha C, Amphon R, Rehman HU, Shen AH (2020) Characterisationof Pnk-to-Red Spinel from Four Important Localities. The Journal of Gemmology 37, 393-403.
  
• Chankhantha C, Kitkhunthod P, Amphon R, Rehman HU, Shen AH (2022) Spectroscopic Characteristics and Causes of Colour Modification in Heat-Treated Pink-to-Red Spinel from Luc Yen, Vietnam.The Journal of Gemmology 38, 348-362
  
• Chanmuang CN, Škoda R, Zoysa EG 2021 Spectroscopic Study of Serendibite from Sri Lanka. The Journal of Gemmology  37, 451-454.
  
• Chen W, Gu H, Liu J, Wang F, Ma D, Zhu R (2010) Electrolytic coloration and spectral properties of natural beryl crystals. Physica B 405, 331-334.
• Cheng R, Guo Y (2020) Study on the effect of heat treatment on amethyst color and the cause of coloration.Scientific Reports 10, 14927.
  
• Chesnokov BV (1961) Spectral absorption curves of glaucophane from eclogite of the southern Urals. Zapiski Vsesoyuznogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva 90:700-703
  
• Chindudsadeegul R, Jamkratoke M (2018) Effect of heat treatment on the luminescence properties of natural apatite. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy 204, 276–280.
  
• Chopin C, Langer K (1988) Fe2+-Ti4+ charge transfer between face-sharing octahedra: polarized absorption spectra and crystal chemistry of ellenbergerite. Bull Minéral 111:17-27
• Chopin C, Langer K, Khomenko V (2009)  Fe2+-Ti4+ vs. Fe2+-Fe3+ charge-transfer and short-range order in single chains of face-sharing octahedra: ellenbergerite and dumortierite. Geophysical Research Abstracts, Vol. 11, EGU2009-9087-2, 2009 EGU General Assembly 2009
  
• Choudhary, G (2010) A greenish yellow zoisite. Australian Gemmologist, 24, 90-91.
  
• Choudhary, G (2013)An ornamental sapphirine - cordierite - sillimanite rock from South India. Australian Gemmologist 25, 146-151
• Choudhury B, Choudhury A (2012) Dopant induced changes in structural and optical properties of Cr3+ doped TiO2 nanoparticles. Materials Chemistry and Physics 132, 1112– 1118
  
• Chukanov NV, Sapozhnikov AN, Shendrik RY, Yigasina ME, Steudel R (2020) Spectroscopic and Crystal-Chemical Features of Sodalite-Group Minerals from Gem Lazurite Deposits. Minerals 10, 1042.
  
• Claffy EW (1953) Composition, tenebrescence and luminescence of spodumene minerals. American Mineralogist 38, 919-931.
  
• Clark B (2014) Blue chrysocolla chalcedony from Peru. The Journal of Gemmology 34, 9-10.
  
• Clark CD, Walker J (1973) The neutral vacancy in diamond. Proc Royal Soc London A. 334:241-257
• Clark CD, Mitchell EWJ, Parsons BJ (1982) Colour centers and optical properties. In: The Properties of Diamond (Field JE, ed.). Academic Press, London, pp 23-77
• Clark CD, Collins AT, Woods G (1992) Absorption and luminescence spectroscopy. In: The properties of natural and synthetic diamonds (Field JE, ed), Academic Press, pp 36-80
• Clark MG, Burns RG (1967) Electronic spectra of Cu2+ and Fe2+ square planar coordinated by oxygen in BaXS4O10. J Chem Soc A, 1034-1038
• Clark SP (1957) Absorption spectra of some silicates in the visible and near infrared. American Mineralogist 42, 732-742.
  
• Cloutis EA, Klima RL, Kaletzke L, Coradini A, Golubeva LF, McFadden LA, Shestopalov DI, Vilas F (2010) The 506 nm absorption feature in pyroxene spectra: Nature and implications for spectroscopy-based studies of pyroxene-bearing targets. Icarus 207, 295–313.

• Cohen AJ (1954) Regularity of the F-​center maxima in fused silica and α-​quartz. Journal of Chemical Physics 22, 570.
• Cohen AJ (1955) Color centers in smoky quartz. Journal of Chemical Physics 23, 5E9-590
  
• Cohen AJ (1956) Anisotropic Color Centers in a Quartz. Part 1. Smoky Quartz. Journal of Chemical Physics 25, 908-914.
• Cohen AJ (1956) Color centers in the alpha-quartz called amethyst. American Mineralogist 874-891.
• Cohen AJ, Hassan F (1970) Iron in synthetic quartz: Heat and radiation induced changes. Science 167, 176-177.
  
• Cohen AJ (1972) Trace ferric ion in lunar and meteoritic titanautites. The Moon 4:141-154
• Cohen AJ (1973) Anisotropy of absorption bands in some lunar, meteorite and terrestrial pyroxenes. The Moon 7:307-321
• Cohen AJ, Hassan F (1974) Ferrous and ferric ions in synthetic alpha-quartz and natural amethyst. Amer Mineral 59:719-728
• Cohen AJ (1975) On the Color Centers of Iron in Amethyst and Synthetic Quartz: A Reply. American Mineralogist 60, 338-339.
  
• Cohen AJ, Makar LN (1982) Models for color cener in smoky quarta. Physica Status Solidi (a) 77, 619-624
  
• Cohen AJ, Janezic GG (1983) The crystal-field spectra of the 3d3 ions, Cr3+ and Mn4+ in green spodumenes. In: The Significance of Trace Elements in Solving Petrogenetic Problems & Controversies. Theophrastus Pubs. S.A., Athens.
• Cohen AJ, Makar LN (1984) Differing effects of ionizing radiation in massive and single crystal rose quartz. N Jb Mineral Mh 11:513-521
• Cohen AJ, Makar LN (1985) Dynamic biaxial absorption spectra of Ti3+ and Fe2+ in a natural rose quartz crystal. Mineral Mag 49:709-715
• Cohen AJ, Adekeye JID, Hapke B, Partlow D (1985) Intersitial Sn2+ in synthetic and natural cassiterite crystals. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 12:363-369
• Cohen AJ (1985) Amethyst color in quartz, the result of radiation protection involving iron. Amer Mineral 70:1180-1185
• Cohen AJ, Panlow DP (1986) Optical studies of biaxial aluminum related color centers in smoky quartz. American Mineralogist 71, 589-598.
  

• Collins AT, Williams AWS (1971) The nature of the acceptor centre in semiconducting diamond. Journa of Physics C, Solid State Physics 4,1789-1799
• Collins AT (1978) High-​resolution optical spectra of the GR defect in diamond. Journal of Physics C; Solid State Physics 11, 1957-1964.
  
• Collins AT (1980) Spectroscopic investigation of a canary yellow diamond. Journal of Gemmology, 213–222.
• Collins AT (1982) Colour centres in diamonds. J Gemmology 18:37-75
• Collins AT, Kanda H, Kitawaki H (2000) Colour changes produced in natural brown diamonds by high-pressure, high-temperature treatment. Diamond and Related Materials 9,113-122.
  
• Collins AT (2001) The colour of diamond and how it may be changed. J Gemmology 27;341-359
• Colombo F, Tánago JG (2011) Crystal Chemistry of Blue Genthelvite from the El Criollo Pegmatite, Córdoba, Argentina.  Contributions to the 5th International Symposium on Granitic Pegmatites, PEG 2011 Argentina. p 53-56.
  
• Cooper A, Sun Z, Hand D, Renfro N (2020) Unusual violet Maxixie beryl. Gems & Gemology 56. 439-440.
  
• Cox RT (1977) Optical absorption of the d4 ion Fe4+ in pleochroic amethyst quartz. J Phys, C: Solid State Phys 10:4631-4643
• Cui D, Liao Z, Qi L, Zhong Q, Zhou Z (2020) A Study of Emeralds from Davadar, North-Western China. The Journal of Gemmology 37, 374-392.
  
• Czaja M, Mazurak Z (1993) Vibrational structure of luminiscence spectrum of Cr3+ in MgAl2O4. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 20, 120-122
• Czaja M, Mazurak Z, Lukowiak, E (1995) Spectroscopic properties and crystal-field analysis of Cr3+ ions in kyanite Al2SiO5. Zh. Prikl. Spektrosk 62, 44-52
• Czaja M, Lisiecki R, Chrobak A, Sitko R, Mazurak Zk (2018) The absorption- and luminescence spectra of Mn3+ in beryl and vesuvianite. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 45, 475-488.
• Czaja M, Lisiecki R, Kadziołka-Gaweł M, Winiarski A (2020) Some Complementary Data about the Spectroscopic Properties of Manganese Ions in Spodumene Crystals, Minerals 10, 554. 17 pages.