H in Beryl

Updated 7/1/2023 by GR Rossman Updated 7/1/2023 by GR Rossman

1950s

Wickersheim KA, Buchanan RA (1959) The near infrared spectrum of beryl. The American Mineralogist 44, 440-445.

1960s

Pare X, Ducros P (1964) Nuclear magnetic resonance study of beryl water. Bull. Soc. Franc. Mineral. Crist., 87:429-33. (in French)
Sugitani Y, Nagashima K, Fujiwara S (1966) N.M.R. (nuclear magnetic resonance) analysis of the water of crystallization in beryl. Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan 39, 672-4.
Dodd DM, Fraser DB (1967) Infrared studies of the variation of hydrogen-bonded hydroxide in synthetic alpha-quartz. American Mineralogist 52, 149-60.
Wood DL, Nassau K (1967) Infrared spectra of foreign molecules in beryls. Journal of Chemical Physics 47, 2220-222
Wood DL, Nassau K (1968) The characterization of beryl and emerald by visible and infrared absorption spectroscopy. American Mineralogist 53, 777-780
Zavarzina NI, Gabuda SP, Bakakin VV, Rylov GM (1969) N.M.R.analysis of water in beryls. Zhurnal Strukturnoi Khimii 10, 804-10. (in Russian)

1970s

Goldman DS, Rossman GR, Parkin KM (1978) Channel constituents in beryl. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 3, 225-235.

1980s

Aines RD, Rossman GR (1984) The high temperature behavior of water and carbon dioxide in cordierite and beryl. American Mineralogist 69, 319-327

1990s

Hagemann H, Lucken A, Bill H, Gysler-Sanz J, Stalder HA (1990) Polarized Raman spectra of beryl and bazzite. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 17, 395-401
Mashkovtsev R, Lebedev A (1992) Infrared spectroscopy and crystal chemistry of the beryl group. Journal of Structural Chemistry 33(6):930-933. Translated from Zhurnal Strukturnoi Khimii, Vol. 33, No. 6, pp. 184-186,
Aurisicchio C, Grubessi O, Zecchini P (1994) Infrared spectroscopy and crystal chemistry of the beryl group. Canadian Mineralogist 32, 55-68
Charoy G, Donato Pd, Barress O, Pinto-Coelho C (1996) Channel occupancy in an alkali-poor beryl from Serra Branca (Goias, Brazil):Spectroscopic characterization. American Mineralogist 81, 395-403

2000's

Kolesov BA, Geiger CA (2000) The orientation and vibrational states of H₂O in synthetic alkail-free beryl. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 27, 557-564.
Mashkovtsev RI, Solntsev VP (2002) Channel constituents in synthetic beryl: ammonium. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 29, 65-71.
De Donato P, Cheilletz A, Barres O, Yvon J (2004) Infrared Spectroscopy of OD Vibrators in Minerals at Natural Dilution: Hydroxyl Groups in Talc and Kaolinite,and Structural Water in Beryl and Emerald. Applied Spectroscopy 58, 521-527.
Lodzinski M, Sitarz M, Stec K, Kozanecki M Fojud Z, Jurga S (2005) ICP, IR, Raman, NMR investigations of beryls from pegmatites of the Sudety Mts. Journal of Molecular Structure 744–747, 1005–1015.
Diego Gatta G, Nestola F. Bromiley GD, Mattauch S (2006) The real topological configuration of the extra-framework content in alkali-poor beryl: A multi-methodological study. American Mineralogist 91, 29-34.
Bellatreccia F, Della Ventura G, Piccinini M, Grubessi O (2008) Single-crystal polarized light IR study of an historical synthetic water poor emerald. Neues Jb Miner Abh 185:11–16
Fukuda J, Shinoda K (2008) Coordination of water molecules with Na + cations in a beryl channel as determined by polarized IR spectroscopy. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 35:347–357
Kolesov B (2008) Vibrational states of H₂O in beryl: physical aspects. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 35, 271-278.
Fukuda J, Shinoda K, Nakashima S, Miyoshi N, Aikawa N (2009) Polarized infrared spectroscopic study of diffusion of water molecules along structure channels in beryl. Am Miner 94:981–985
Makreski P, Jovanovski G (2009) Minerals from Macedonia XXIII. Spectroscopic and structural characterization of schorl and beryl cyclosilicates. Spectrochimica Acta Part A 73, 460–467

2010s

Fukuda J, Shinoda K (2011) Water molecules in beryl and cordierite: high-temperature vibrational behavior, dehydration, and coordination to cations. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 38, 469–481
Gorshunov BP, Zhukova ES, Torgashev VI, Lebedev VV, Shakurov GS, Kremer RK, Pestrjakov EV, Thomas VG, Fursenko DA, Dressel M (2013) Quantum Behavior of Water Molecules Confined to Nanocavities in Gemstones - The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters 4, 2015−2020 2015
Della Ventura G, Radica F, Bellatreccia F, Cavallo A, Cinque G, Tortora L, Behrens H (2015) FTIR imaging in diffusion studies: CO₂ and H₂O in a synthetic sector-zoned beryl. Frontiers Earth Science 3:33.
Della Ventura G, Radica F, Bellatreccia F, Freda C, Cestelli Guidi M (2015) Speciation and diffusion profiles of H₂O in water-poor beryl: comparison with cordierite. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 42, 735-745.
Fridrichova K. Bacik P, Bizovska V, Libowitzky E, Skoda R, Uher P, Ozdin D, Stevko M (2016) Spectroscopic and bond-topological investigation of interstitial volatiles in beryl from Slovakia. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 43, 419-437.
Yu X, Hu D, Niu X, Kang W (2017) Infrared Spectroscopic Characteristics and Ioinic Occupations in Crystalline Tunnel System of Yellow Beryl. JOM 69, 704-712

2020s

Franz G, Vyshnevskyi O, Taran M, Khomenko V, Wiedenbeck M, Schiperski F, Niissen J (2020) A new emerald occurrence from Kruta Balka, Western Peri-Azovian region, Ukraine: Implications for understanding the crystal chemistry of emerald. American Mineralogist 105, 162–181.
Hy Y, Lu R (2020) Color Characteristics of Blue to Yellow Beryl from Multiple Origins. Gems & Gemology 56, 54-65.
Cao SQ. Dao J. Wamg CW. Yu L, Guo LQ (2022) Gemological and Spectral Characteristics of Emeralds From Swat Valley, Pakistan. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis 42, 3533
Wang H, Shu T, CHen J, Guo Y (2022) Characteristics of Chanel-Water in Blue-Green Beryl and Its Influence on Colour. Crusta;s 12. 435.https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst12030435
Cui S, Xu B, Shen J, Miao Z, Wang Z (2023) Gemology, Spectroscopy, and Mineralogy Study of Aquamarines of Three Different Origins. Crystals 2023, 13, 1478. http://doi.org/10.3390/cryst13101478
Zhang Y, Yu X (2023) Spectroscopy and Trace-Element Characteristics of Emeralds from Kamakanga, Zambia. Crystals 2023, 13, 1605. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst13111605
Hanser CS, Häger T, Botcharnikov R (2024) Incorporation and substitution of ions and H₂O in the structure of beryl. European Journal of Mineralogy 36, 449-472.